The Reg A+ landscape is intriguing, with investors clamoring to participate from its potential. But is it all hype? As the framework offers a unique pathway for capital procurement, there are obstacles that aspiring participants should be aware of.

• First and foremost, the regulatory framework can be burdensome, demanding significant resources and experience.
• Secondly, the success of Reg A+ offerings have been varied, with some companies achieving strong outcomes while others struggle to secure sufficient funding.
• Last but not least, the investor base for Reg A+ offerings is still nascent, meaning that there are restricted opportunities accessible compared to traditional financing methods.

Navigating the Reg A+ terrain involves careful consideration and a thorough evaluation of both its positive aspects and inherent risks. While it can be a effective mechanism for certain businesses, prospective participants should proceed with caution.

Funding the Crowd

In today's vibrant online landscape, crowdfunding has emerged as a revolutionary tool to support individuals and organizations in raising funds for their ventures. This movement allows anyone with an innovative idea to tap into the extensive resources of the public, leveling access to capital. From small-scale campaigns to large-scale ventures, crowdfunding has become a effective alternative to established funding sources.

• Utilizing the power of social networks and online platforms,
• connecting individuals with shared interests and goals,
• cultivating a sense of collaboration,

Crowdfunding for the masses has the potential to transform industries, support innovative solutions, and empower social change. As technology continues to evolve and connectivity strengthens, we can expect crowdfunding to play an even more integral role in shaping the future of funding.

Harnessing Regulation A+ for Compelling Fundraising

Regulation A+, a relatively new avenue in the fundraising landscape, has emerged as a powerful tool for businesses seeking to secure capital. This mechanism allows companies to openly offer securities to a broad range of investors, without the complexities and costs associated with traditional Venture Capital rounds.

A key strength of Regulation A+ is its ability to facilitate substantial funding. Companies can raise up to \$25 million in a single offering, providing them with the resources necessary to expand their operations, roll out new products or services, and achieve their financial goals.

However, completing a successful Regulation A+ initiative requires careful planning. Companies must follow stringent regulatory standards, develop compelling investor presentations, and consistently communicate with potential supporters.

Investing portals Offering Title IV, Reg A+ Equity

Navigating the world of securities offering can be challenging, especially when it comes to understanding the nuances of Regulation A+ and Title IV. These regulations offer businesses a unique avenue to obtain equity funding from a wider pool of investors, typically through crowdfunding platforms. While many platforms exist, identifying those specifically dedicated in Reg A+ and Title IV offerings can be demanding.

• Some prominent crowdfunding sites that have integrated Reg A+ and Title IV equity opportunities include: Wefunder, SeedInvest, and StartEngine. Each platform offers its own distinctive set of tools and services to help businesses conduct their equity fundraisings successfully.
• It's essential to carefully research each platform, evaluating factors such as fees, investor base, and the overall support they extend to both businesses and investors.

Remember that investing in securities always carries associated risks, so it's strongly advised to conduct your own due diligence before making any investment decisions.

How Regulation A+ Works with Equity Crowdfunding

Regulation A+, a regulation within U.S. securities law, allows companies to raise capital through a process known as equity crowdfunding. This approach offers businesses the potential to tap into a wider pool of investors compared to traditional funding sources.

Under Regulation A+, companies can offer and sell their stocks to the public, with certain restrictions. The offering amount is typically capped at $75 million within a year, and companies must comply with various disclosure and reporting demands set forth by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).

Equity crowdfunding platforms act as intermediaries, connecting companies seeking capital with individual investors. These platforms provide a website for companies to showcase their business plans and investment opportunities to a broader audience. Investors, in turn, can explore different investment options and contribute funds to companies that align with their interests and risk tolerance.

The combination of Regulation A+ and equity crowdfunding creates a thriving ecosystem for capital formation. It empowers businesses to access funding from diverse sources, while providing investors with the ability to participate in the growth of promising ventures.

FundAthena Regulation A+ Blank-check Offering

The innovative landscape of Regulation A+ launching exciting possibilities for investors. One such occurrence is the introduction of FundAthena Blank-check, a newly formed entity seeking to raise capital through a Regulation A+ campaign. This approach allows smaller investors to participate in the growth and potential of businesses by contributing capital through a public offering.

FundAthena Blank-check's goals remain undisclosed at this phase, but the organization is expected to focus on a specific sector. Individuals will have the chance to impact the course of FundAthena Blank-check through their involvement in the campaign.

Colonial Stock Securities

Colonial stock securities represent a fascinating chapter in the annals of finance. These documents, often worn, bear witness to the {economic{ aspirations and ambitions of the colonial era. Investors desired returns on its holdings in fledgling enterprises, founding the foundation for future advancement. The study of colonial stock securities offers a unique window into the dynamics of early American commerce and finance.

• Some prominent examples include:
• Stocks in early companies like the Massachusetts Bay Company
• Notes issued by colonies to fund essential services

We Found A Reg

Deep within the encrypted/complex/hidden files of the program/our system/that application, we stumbled upon something incredible. A perfectly functional/partially operational/barely working registration module/toolset/component. This discovery could revolutionize how we track users/access control/data management. We're still analyzing/investigating/examining its full potential, but the early signs are promising.

• Stay tuned
• About our findings

Delving into Title IV Reg A+

Are we prepared to unleash the possibilities of {equity crowdfunding?{ Title IV Reg A+, a groundbreaking financing method, allows companies to secure funding from a wide range of investors. This visual guide will provide insight on the key aspects of Title IV Reg A+, guiding you to grasp this remarkable new world of finance.

• Learn about the guidelines governing Reg A+ transactions.
• Uncover the benefits for both entrepreneurs and individuals.
• Observe the process involved in a successful Reg A+ initiative.

Simply miss this invaluable resource to equip your understanding of Title IV Reg A+.

Regulation A+ Offering Documents LLC

Securex Filings LLC is a/serves as/provides a comprehensive platform/solution/service for companies seeking to raise capital through Regulation A+. Our team of experienced/skilled/dedicated professionals guides/supports/assists businesses through/during/in the entire process, from initial filing/submission/application to successful/smooth/efficient completion. With our expertise in securities law and regulatory requirements, we help companies comply with/meet/fulfill all necessary standards/guidelines/regulations. Securex Filings LLC is committed/dedicated/passionate to providing a transparent/clear/accessible experience for our clients, ensuring they have the knowledge/understanding/insight needed to navigate the complexities of Regulation A+ offerings.

Fundrise's Reg A+ Offering

Fundrise has launched an impressive Reg A offering to attract capital for its real estate projects. This initiative allows typical investors to participate in Fundrise's curated portfolio of properties, typically reserved for accredited investors. The offering features a range of investment options, catering to diverse risk tolerances and investment goals.

• Investors can choose from
• several real estate niches
• targeting distinct geographical areas

Fundrise's Reg A offering presents a promising avenue for investors seeking exposure to the real estate market, without the conventional hurdles.

Securities and Exchange Commission

The Securities and Exchange Commission is/serves as/functions as the primary regulatory/governing/overseeing body for the United States securities/stock/financial markets. Established/Founded/Created in 1934/the early 20th century/the midst of the Great Depression, its mission/purpose/goal is to/remains to/aims to protect investors, maintain/ensure/guarantee fair and orderly/transparent/honest markets, and promote/encourage/foster capital formation. The SEC achieves/completes/undertakes this mission/objective/task through a variety of means/methods/tools, including registration/enforcement/regulation of securities offerings, conducting/overseeing/monitoring market activity, and issuing/publishing/releasing guidance/rules/directives to participants/players/stakeholders in the financial/securities/capital markets.

Evaluating the Waters | CrowdExpert Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding

The emerging realm of equity crowdfunding is experiencing a noteworthy surge in activity, with platforms like CrowdExpert creating new paths for businesses to attract capital. Under Title IV of the JOBS Act, Reg A+ offers a unique opportunity for companies to raise capital from the public in a regulated manner. CrowdExpert, a top-tier platform in this space, is currently undertaking a "Testing the Waters" campaign for its Reg A+ offering. This strategic initiative allows companies to evaluate investor demand before launching a full-scale funding round.

• Benefits of CrowdExpert's Title IV Reg A+ Equity Crowdfunding
• Broaden your capital base
• Transparent and plain process

SmallBizLending

StreetShares is a/are/provides revolutionary online platform designed to connect small businesses with investors. It empowers entrepreneurs by offering accessible/affordable/flexible funding options, fostering growth and innovation within the community/marketplace/economy. StreetShares leverages/utilizes/employs technology to streamline the lending process, making it quicker/faster/efficient and transparent/clear/open for both borrowers and lenders. Through its robust/comprehensive/extensive network, StreetShares facilitates/enables/supports the flow of capital to deserving businesses, contributing/playing a role/making an impact on the overall success of small enterprises.

Equity CrowdFund Reg A+ Offerings Regulation A+

Regulation A+, often called a tier of fundraising regulated through the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), provides companies a pathway to raise capital from non-accredited individuals. This method is gaining increasing popularity among startups and established businesses in recent years. EquityNet, a leading platform, streamlines Reg A+ offerings by pairing companies with interested parties. Through their comprehensive platform, EquityNet aims to provide accessible investment opportunities for a wider range of investors.

Rule A+ Offerings on Investopedia

Investopedia offers comprehensive coverage on a range of financial topics, comprising an intricacies of Regulation A+ offerings. This legal framework enables companies to attract capital from the public through equity. Investopedia's platform delves into the specifics of Regulation A+, clarifying the guidelines governing these unique offerings. Investors are able to benefit from Investopedia's comprehensive analysis to formulate thoughtful decisions regarding Regulation A+ investments.

Understanding the regulatory framework surrounding Regulation A+ offerings is vital for both businesses seeking capital and entities considering participation in these capital raising opportunities.

Exploring Regulation in this A+ Space

The realm of crowdfunding, particularly platforms like A+, is experiencing a period of dynamic growth and evolution. As this sector expands, regulatory frameworks are crucial for ensuring investor protection, market integrity, and the continued success of both entrepreneurs seeking funding and individuals looking to support innovative ventures. Governments worldwide are actively developing new rules and regulations specifically tailored to address the unique challenges and opportunities presented by A+ crowdfunding. These regulatory measures aim to strike a balance between fostering innovation and mitigating potential risks.

• Central aspects of regulation in this space often include issues such as disclosures, investor due diligence, platform accountability, and the processing of funds.
• Efforts to regulate A+ crowdfunding are motivated by a desire to create a robust and trustworthy ecosystem where investors can participate with confidence.

By establishing clear regulatory guidelines, jurisdictions aim to encourage responsible growth in the crowdfunding sector while safeguarding the interests of all participants.

Regulation Offering Requirements

In the realm of financial instruments , offering requirements are comprehensive to guarantee investor safety . These mandates often necessitate a detailed statement of the offering's terms, including potential downsides , financial projections, and the company's credentials. Compliance to these necessities is vital for preserving market integrity .

Regulation A+ from Investopedia

Investopedia provides comprehensive and insightful information on the intricate world of economic regulation. A+ Regulation delves into the nuances of regulatory frameworks, offering valuable insights for individuals seeking to navigate the regulatory landscape.

• Central concepts such as adherence and enforcement are carefully explained, empowering users to make informed decisions in a dynamic regulatory environment.
• Examples of actual regulatory instances emphasize the influence of regulation on financial markets.

Furthermore, Investopedia's A+ Regulation area provides opportunity to a wealth of tools such as updates and commentary. This extensive resource prepares users with the knowledge needed to thrive in a complex financial landscape.

Supervising A+ Companies

The realm of business is constantly evolving, with advanced companies pushing the boundaries. A+ companies, known for their superior performance and ethical practices, require a framework of regulation that both supports innovation while protecting the welfare of all parties. This complex task involves a nuanced balance between fostering growth and mitigating potential challenges.

• Strong guidelines are essential to maintain a level playing field for all companies, preventing any predatory practices.
• Accountability in the operations of A+ companies is crucial to cultivate public assurance. This includes accessible communication about their activities and operational metrics.
• Cooperation between governments, industry leaders, and consumer groups is vital to formulate effective policy frameworks that evolve to the changing landscape of commerce.

Legislation A+ Summary

Regulation is crucial/essential/vital for maintaining order/stability/equilibrium within markets/industries/sectors. It helps to ensure/promote/facilitate fair competition, protect consumers, and safeguard the environment. A+ regulation strikes a delicate/optimal/harmonious balance between promoting/fostering/encouraging economic growth and mitigating/addressing/reducing potential risks. Effective regulation empowers/strengthens/bolsters transparency/accountability/trust while minimizing/reducing/eliminating bureaucratic burden/obstacles/hindrances.

• Key aspects/Fundamental principles/Core elements of A+ regulation include: proactive/adaptive/responsive framework/structure/system, evidence-based/data-driven/informed decision-making, and collaboration/engagement/partnership with stakeholders/industry players/relevant parties.
• Benefits/Advantages/Positive outcomes of well-designed regulation can include: increased innovation/investment/productivity, enhanced consumer protection/market integrity/public confidence, and a more sustainable/resilient/robust economy.

Controlling Real Estate For Modern Needs

Real estate regulation is a complex landscape that seeks to harmonize the interests of investors and the community. It encompasses a extensive range of issues, including land use, contractual obligations, and green building practices.

Sound regulation is vital to ensure a transparent real estate market that serves all actors.

It helps to reduce abuse, defend consumer rights, and stimulate ethical development practices. Ultimately, regulation aims to create a market that is prosperous.

My Mini-IPO First JOBS Act Company Goes Public Via Reg A+ on OTCQX

After a length of time of intense work and collaboration, my here initial company is finally taking the next step via Reg A+ on OTCQX. This signifies a significant milestone in our journey as a startup built under the provisions of the JOBS Act.

The journey has been thrilling, and we are now eager to present this platform with capitalists. We believe that our innovative technology has the potential to revolutionize the sector, and we are confident that this public listing will fuel our growth and development.

We are thankful to our supporters for their unwavering faith in us, and we look forward to building a successful future together.

Fundera enable Reg A+ raises on the platform

FundersClub, a leading online investment platform, has announced that it is now enabling Regulation A+ raises for companies seeking to raise capital from the public. This move allows entrepreneurs to tap into a wider pool of backers and potentially fuel their growth. Reg A+ offers businesses the opportunity to raise up to $75 million from both accredited and non-accredited investors, offering greater access to capital than traditional funding methods.

Previously, companies utilizing FundersClub had to adhere to Regulation CF, which caps fundraising amounts at $5 million. The addition of Reg A+ raises broadens the platform's capabilities and provides a more flexible funding solution for organizations at various stages of growth.

• Perks of Reg A+ for companies on FundersClub include:
• Higher fundraising potential
• Access to accredited and non-accredited investors
• Efficient approval path

Regulation A+ Regulation A+ Crowdfunding Platforms

Regulation A+, also known as Reg A+ , is a provision in the United States that allows companies to raise capital from the public through crowdfunding. It offers a streamlined process for companies to access funding, making it an desirable option for startups and smaller businesses. Crowdfunding platforms dedicated on Regulation A+ offerings provide investors with the opportunity to contribute in promising companies while potentially earning a return on their investment .

Regulation A+ offers benefits for both businesses and participants . Companies can access significant amounts of capital, grow , and initiate new projects. Investors can identify early-stage companies with high upside , contributing to their development .

Regulation A+

Regulation A+, also known as Reg A+ , is a funding mechanism that allows private companies to secure funds from the public. Unlike traditional IPOs, Regulation A+ offers a more flexible path to accessing capital markets by minimizing regulatory burdens and requirements . This makes it a attractive option for smaller firms seeking to grow their operations.

Regulation A+ offerings are designed to allow both eligible and non-accredited investors to invest . Companies utilizing Regulation A+ must follow certain disclosure requirements, but the process is generally viewed as less complex than a traditional IPO.

The Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) regulates Regulation A+ offerings to ensure investors and copyright market integrity.

Companies that choose Regulation A+ may receive a broader pool of capital , which can support their growth and development .

Regulation A+ Rules

Securities offerings under Regulation A+, also known as Tier 2 crowdfunding, are subject to specific regulations outlined by the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). These standards aim to provide a more accessible pathway for companies to raise investment while protecting investor well-being. To conduct a successful Regulation A+ offering, companies must meet several key requirements , including filing a detailed offering circular with the SEC and completing due diligence processes .

A successful Regulation A+ offering can provide companies with a significant boost of capital , allowing them to launch new products . However, it is essential for companies to thoroughly understand the nuances of Regulation A+ and seek professional counsel throughout the process.

Presentation Share regulation a securities act of 1933 jobs act 106 reg a tier 2 offering

Under the Securities Act of 1933, SlideShare, as a platform for content sharing and presentation, must navigate the complexities of fundraising securities. Specifically, Jobs Act Section 106 of Regulation A Tier 2 provides a pathway for companies to raise capital through public offerings while leveraging platforms like SlideShare for dissemination. This presents both opportunities and challenges, requiring careful consideration of regulatory compliance and investor safeguards.

Regulating Text

Text can be controlled in a variety of ways. This process typically includes setting guidelines for the content that is allowed to be disseminated. There are many motivations for regulating text, such as protecting children, stopping offensive language, and guaranteeing the veracity of information. The techniques used to manage text can be wide-ranging. Some common examples encompass censorship, content moderation, and legal frameworks.

Regulation A+ Introducing Regulation A+

Achieving a successful rollout of this new regulation framework requires careful planning. Stakeholders must work together to ensure compliance while also exploiting the opportunities presented by this new approach. Facilitating the system is crucial for promoting a seamless transition to the upgraded regulatory system.

Regulation A vs Reg D

When raising capital, companies often face a choice between Regulation A and Reg D. Reg A is designed for smaller offerings and allows companies to sell up to $50 million in securities per year to the general public. In contrast, Rule D provides a framework for private placements, allowing companies to raise capital from accredited investors without registering their securities with the SEC. Reg A generally involves more stringent reporting requirements and is suitable for companies seeking broader market exposure, while Regulation D offers greater flexibility and confidentiality, appealing to startups or businesses with a targeted investor base.

• However
• Each
• Frameworks

Oversight a DPO With the guidance of FRB

The Federal Reserve Bank (FRB) plays a crucial role in shaping regulatory landscapes within the financial sector. When it comes to implementing standards for Data Protection Officers (DPOs), the FRB's approach focuses on ensuring comprehensive protection of consumer data while facilitating innovation. The FRB's requirements provide a framework for DPOs to adequately manage data security, ultimately fostering trust within the financial ecosystem. This includes outlining clear roles and responsibilities for DPOs, as well as promoting best practices for data handling.

The SEC Announces New “Reg A+” Rules for Crowdfunding

In a landmark move to/for/towards streamline capital raising/acquisition/procurement, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) has officially/finally/recently approved new rules governing/regulating/dictating crowdfunding through Reg A+. This development/initiative/measure is expected/projected/foreseen to revolutionize/transform/alter the way companies access/secure/obtain funding, particularly/especially/mainly smaller/emerging/startup businesses.

Reg A+ will now permit/allow/enable companies to raise significant/substantial/considerable amounts of capital directly from the public/general investor pool/mass market, potentially opening/unlocking/creating a new era of accessible/affordable/available funding opportunities/possibilities/avenues. The updated rules implement/introduce/establish greater/enhanced/improved transparency and investor protection, while/simultaneously/alongside making the process/procedure/system more/significantly/vastly efficient.

Regulation A+ vs Regulation D

When it comes to raising capital, enterprises frequently turn to securities issuance. Two prominent avenues in this realm are Rule 506.

Regulation A+ is a well-established mechanism designed for widely accessible capital raises. It enables companies to raise up to $75 million in equity from the general public. In contrast, Regulation D, often referred to as a "private placement" system, is designed for offerings made to a narrower group of accredited investors.

Rule 506, a key provision within Reg A+ , outlines detailed guidelines for private placements. Notably, there are two distinct types under Rule 506: 506(b) and 506(c).

Rule 506(b) permits offerings to an unlimited number of investors, but it mandates that all purchasers be qualified. Conversely, Rule 506(c), often referred to as a "general solicitation" provision, allows for broader marketing efforts while still requiring all investors to be verified.

Overview of Regulation D: Rules 506(b) and 506(c)

When exploring private capital, understanding the nuances of funding regulations is crucial. Regulation D offers exemptions from certain registration needs for offerings of privately placed assets. Two key provisions under Regulation D are Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c), each with distinct characteristics that influence how companies can raise capital.

Rule 506(b) permits offerings to an unlimited number of accredited investors, but places a cap on the number of non-accredited investors at 35. It also requires full disclosure to all investors and relies mainly on the investor's due diligence.

Rule 506(c) offers greater flexibility by allowing offerings to a wider pool of accredited investors without any limit on their number. However, it mandatesstrict due diligence procedures and requires verification of investor accreditation.

• Key distinctions between Rule 506(b) and Rule 506(c) involve the number of non-accredited investors, disclosure requirements, and due diligence standards.
• Choosing the appropriate Rule relies on a company's funding needs, investor profile, and compliance scenario.

Accessing DreamFunded Resources on Regulation A+

Regulation A+, a unique financing mechanism, empowers startups and established businesses to raise capital from the public. DreamFunded stands out as a prominent platform specializing in facilitating Regulation A+ offerings. Their comprehensive resources empower both potential investors and issuing companies to navigate this complex landscape with confidence. Investors seeking alternative investment opportunities can delve into DreamFunded's educational materials, which provide in-depth insights on the structure of Regulation A+.

• Firms looking to leverage Regulation A+ for growth will find invaluable guidance within DreamFunded's suite of tools and solutions. From structuring compliant offerings to connecting with a network of potential backers, DreamFunded streamlines the process, making it more accessible.

Grasping the nuances of Regulation A+ can be complex. DreamFunded's dedicated team of experts is committed to providing ongoing guidance throughout the journey. Whether you are a seasoned investor or just beginning your exploration of this forward-thinking financing option, DreamFunded equips you with the knowledge and resources essential for success.

OTC Markets Third Point Financial Industry Regulatory Authority JOBS Act Industry Leader SEC approval SEC qualification

Navigating the complexities of public markets can be a daunting task for startups seeking to raise capital and expand their operations. The JOBS Act has significantly altered the landscape, offering innovative pathways for businesses to access funding through various exempt offerings and registered securities transactions.

• OTC Markets, as an alternative trading platform, provides a viable avenue for companies seeking liquidity and visibility outside of traditional exchanges. Third Point, a prominent investment firm with expertise in the financial services sector, has become increasingly involved in supporting growth-stage companies through its strategic investments and advisory services.
• The Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) plays a crucial role in overseeing the securities markets, ensuring fair trading practices and investor protection. JOBS Act provisions have streamlined the registration process for certain offerings, making it more accessible for emerging businesses to raise capital.

Technocrat companies often leverage these opportunities to expand their reach and accelerate their growth trajectories. SEC registration is essential for ensuring compliance with federal securities laws and regulations, ultimately safeguarding investor confidence in the market.

Crowdfunding

When venturing a new idea, securing resources can be a major hurdle. Thankfully, there are numerous sites available to help individuals raise the capital they need. Three of the most popular include Kickstarter, each with its own unique approach.

GoFundMe, known for its ease of use, is a great option for specific causes. Kickstarter, on the other hand, concentrates on creative projects and often involves incentives for backers. Indiegogo offers a more flexible approach, allowing for various campaign types and funding models.

Beyond these popular platforms, some projects may choose to pursue equity investment. This involves offering a portion of the company in exchange for investment, typically from angels looking for potential return on investment.

Crowdfunding Sites to Startup Companies

Venture capital and angel investors are increasingly turning to crowdfunding platforms like CircleUp and AngelList to locate promising new companies. These platforms connect entrepreneurs with a wider pool of backers, allowing them to secure funding for their ventures. The JOBS Act has changed the investment landscape by making it easier for entrepreneurs to access crowdfunded equity. Platforms like EquityNet and Fundable offer investors the opportunity to invest in a diversified portfolio of companies, often with lower minimum commitments than traditional venture capital.

Crowdfunding provides an alternative path for startups to raise capital by tapping into a crowdsourced funding model. Convertible debt options are also becoming increasingly popular, allowing companies to attract investors while maintaining control. Platforms like SoMoLend and Endurance Lending Network specialize in private lending.

Regulatory bodies like the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) provide oversight to ensure transparency and protect individuals in the crowdfunding space. S-1 filings and other legal frameworks govern public offerings, while Reg A+ and Title IV exemptions offer pathways for companies to secure funding through publicly traded securities. The rise of crowdfunding has democratized access to investment opportunities, enabling both entrepreneurs and investors to participate in the dynamic world of early-stage investing.